Association between screen time exposure, anxiety, and sleep quality in adolescents
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Resumen
Objetivo. Analizar la asociación entre el tiempo de pantalla sedentario y la calidad del sueño, independientemente de los síntomas de ansiedad en adolescentes de ambos sexos.
Método. Estudio transversal que integra la investigación epidemiológica escolar con una muestra representativa (n = 666) de estudiantes (14 a 19 años) de escuelas públicas de Caruaru-PE. Las versiones traducidas al portugués del Índice de Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburgh (PSQI) y la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión Hospitalaria (HAD) se aplicaron para analizar la calidad del sueño y la ansiedad. Se utilizó regresión logística binaria para analizar la asociación, considerando como resultado la calidad del sueño.
Resultados. Hubo una correlación positiva y estadísticamente significativa (p < .001) entre la calidad del sueño y los síntomas de ansiedad (r = .393). Una asociación significativa en cuanto a la asociación entre el tiempo de pantalla y la calidad del sueño se observó sólo en adolescentes clasificados como casos posibles o probables de ansiedad y sólo en la exposición al ordenador (OR = 2.337; IC 95% [1.01, 5.43]) y videojuegos (OR = 8.083; 95% IC [2.0, 32.8]) después de los ajustes.
Discusión y conclusión. Una mayor interacción con la pantalla y altos niveles de ansiedad pueden ser perjudiciales para el sueño. La exposición al tiempo de pantalla, específicamente aquellos con mayor interacción, como los videojuegos y las computadoras, puede afectar negativamente la calidad del sueño, pero sólo en adolescentes con mayor riesgo de ansiedad.
Referencias
Altintas, E., Karaca, Y., Hullaert, T., & Tassi, P. (2019). Sleep quality and video game playing: Effect of intensity of video game playing and mental health. Psychiatry Research, 273, 487-492. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.01.030
Aros, L. J. L., Germano-Soares, A. H., Silva, C. R. de M., Silva, A. O. da, & Tassitano, R. M. (2017). Trends in television and computer/videogame use and total screen time in high school students from Caruaru city, Pernambuco, Brazil: A repeated panel study between 2007 and 2012. Motriz: Revista de Educação Física, 23(spe2), 1-8. doi: 10.1590/s1980-6574201700si0093
Batista, G. de A., Silva, T. N. da, Oliveira, M. R. de, Diniz, P. R. B., Lopes, S. S., & Oliveira, L. M. F. T. de. (2018). Associação entre a percepção da qualidade do sono e a assimilação do conteúdo abordado em sala de aula. Rev Paul Pediatr, 36(3), 315 321. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/;2018;36;3;00008
Bauman, A. E., Sallis, J. F., Dzewaltowski, D. A., & Owen, N. (2002). Toward a better understanding of the influences on physical activity. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 23(2), 5-14. doi: 10.1016/S0749-3797(02)00469-5
Bertolazi, A. N., Fagondes, S. C., Hoff, L. S., Dartora, E. G., da Silva Miozzo, I. C., de Barba, M. E. F., & Menna Barreto, S. S. (2011). Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Sleep Medicine, 12(1), 70-75. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2010.04.020
Bjelland, I., Dahl, A. A., Haug, T., & Neckelmann, D. (2002). The validity of the hospital anxiety and depression scale: an updated literature review. J Psychosom Res, 52(2), 69-77. doi: 10.1016/S0022-3999(01)00296-3
Brand, S., Kirov, R., Kalak, N., Gerber, M., Schmidt, N. B., Lemola, S., … Holsboer-Trachsler, E. (2016). Poor Sleep Is Related to Lower Emotional Competence Among Adolescents. Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 14(6), 602-614. doi: 10.1080/15402002.2015.1048450
Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989). The Pittsburgh sleep quality index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Research, 28(2), 193-213. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4
Cajochen, C., Frey, S., Anders, D., Späti, J., Bues, M., Pross, A., … Stefani, O. (2011). Evening exposure to a light-emitting diodes (LED)-backlit computer screen affects circadian physiology and cognitive performance. Journal of Applied Physiology, 110(5), 1432-1438. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00165.2011
Cao, H., Qian, Q., Weng, T., Yuan, C., Sun, Y., Wang, H., & Tao, F. (2011). Screen time, physical activity and mental health among urban adolescents in China. Preventive Medicine, 53(4-5), 316-320. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.09.002
Chellappa, S. L., & Araujo, J. F. (2007). Qualidade subjetiva do sono em pacientes com transtorno depressivo. Estudos de Psicologia (Natal), 12(3), 269-274. doi: 10.1590/S1413-294X2007000300009
Council on Communications and Media. (2013). Children, Adolescents, and the Media. Pediatrics, 132(5), 958-961. doi: 10.1542/peds.2013-2656
Dworak, M., Schierl, T., Bruns, T., & Struder, H. K. (2007). Impact of Singular Excessive Computer Game and Television Exposure on Sleep Patterns and Memory Performance of School-aged Children. Pediatrics, 120(5), 978-985. doi: 10.1542/peds.2007-0476
Eggermont, S., & Bulck, J. (2006). Nodding off or switching off? The use of popular media as a sleep aid in secondary‐school children. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 42(7‐8), 428-433. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2006.00892.x
Espinoza, G., & Juvonen., J. (2011). The pervasiveness, connectedness, and intrusiveness of social network site use among young adolescents. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14(12), 705-709. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2010.0492
Fabbri, M., Beracci, A., Martoni, M., Meneo, D., Tonetti, L., & Natale, V. (2021). Measuring Subjective Sleep Quality: A Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(3), 1082. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031082
Faro, A., Araújo, L. F. de, Maciel, S. C., Lima, T. J. S. de, & Souza, L. E. C. de. (2021). Structure and invariance of the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) in adolescents. Ciencias Psicológicas, 15(2), 1-14. doi: 10.22235/cp.v15i2.2069
Ghrouz, A. K., Noohu, M. M., Dilshad Manzar, M., Warren Spence, D., BaHammam, A. S., & Pandi-Perumal, S. R. (2019). Physical activity and sleep quality in relation to mental health among college students. Sleep and Breathing, 23(2), 627-634. doi: 10.1007/s11325-019-01780-z
Gomes, G. C., Passos, M. H. P. dos, Silva, H. A., Oliveira, V. M. A. de, Novaes, W. A., Pitangui, A. C. R., & Araújo, R. C. de. (2017). Qualidade de sono e sua associação com sintomas psicológicos em atletas adolescentes. Revista Paulista de Pediatria, 35(3), 316-321. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/;2017;35;3;00009
Gordon-Larsen, P., Nelson, M. C., & Popkin, B. M. (2004). Longitudinal physical activity and sedentary behavior trends: Adolescence to adulthood. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 27(4), 277-283. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.07.006
Guerra, P. H., Farias Júnior, J. C. de, & Florindo, A. A. (2016). Comportamento sedentárioemcrianças e adolescentes brasileiros: revisão sistemática. Revista de Saúde Pública, 50(9), 1-15. doi: 10.1590/S1518-8787.2016050006307
Guerrero, M. D., Barnes, J. D., Chaput, J.-P., & Tremblay, M. S. (2019). Screen time and problem behaviors in children : exploring the mediating role of sleep duration. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 16(105), 1-10. doi: 10.1186/s12966-019-0862-x
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. (2013). Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios: Síntese de Indicadores. Retrieved from IBGE website: https://ww2.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/trabalhoerendimento/pnad2013/ on March 6, 2020.
Koepp, M. J., Gunn, R. N., Lawrence, A. D., Cunningham, V. J., Dagher, A., Jones, T., … Grasby, P. M. (1998). Evidence for striatal dopamine release during a video game. Nature, 393(6682), 266-268. doi: 10.1038/30498
Komada, Y., Aoki, K., Gohshi, S., Ichioka, H., & Shibata, S. (2015). Effects of television luminance and wavelength at habitual bedtime on melatonin and cortisol secretion in humans. Sleep and Biological Rhythms, 13(4), 316-322. doi: 10.1111/sbr.12121
Lopes, A. P., & Rezende, M. M. (2013). Anxiety and the use of psychoactive substances among adolescents. Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas), 30(1), 49-56. doi: 10.1590/S0103-166X2013000100006
Maras, D., Flament, M. F., Murray, M., Buchholz, A., Henderson, K. A., Obeid, N., & Goldfield, G. S. (2015). Screen time is associated with depression and anxiety in Canadian youth. Preventive Medicine, 73, 133-138. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.01.029
Moge, C. E., & Romano, D. M. (2020). Contextualising video game engagement and addiction in mental health: the mediating roles of coping and social support. Heliyon, 6(11), e05340. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05340
Neto, J. M. de S., Costa, F. F. da, Barbosa, A. O., Filho, A. P., Santos, E. V. O. dos, & Júnior, J. C. de F. (2021). Physical activity, screen time, nutritional status and sleep in adolescents in Northeast Brazil. Revista Paulista de Pediatria, 39, e2019138. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/2021/39/2019138
Passos, M. H. P., Silva, H. A., Pitangui, A. C. R., Oliveira, V. M. A., Lima, A. S., & Araújo, R. C. (2017). Reliability and validity of the Brazilian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in adolescents. Jornal de Pediatria, 93(2), 200-206. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2016.06.006
Peracchia, S., & Curcio, G. (2018). Exposure to video games: effects on sleep and on post-sleep cognitive abilities. A sistematic review of experimental evidences. Sleep Sci, 11(4), 302-314. doi: 10.5935/1984-0063.20180046
Schaan, C. W., Cureau, F. V, Sbaraini, M., Sparrenberger, K., Kohl, H. W., & Schaan, B. D. (2019). Prevalence of excessive screen time and TV viewing among Brazilian adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Jornal de Pediatria, 95(2), 155-165. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2018.06.016
Schlarb, A., Friedrich, A., & Claßen, M. (2017). Sleep problems in university students – an intervention. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 13, 1989-2001. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S142067
Silva, A. O. da, Oliveira, L. M. F. T. de, Santos, M. A. M. dos, & Tassitano, R. M. (2017). Tempodetela, percepdaqualidadedesonoeepisdeparassoniaemadolescentes. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Do Esporte, 23(5), 375-379. doi: 10.1590/1517-869220172305163582
Silva, A. O. da, Soares, A. H. G., Silva, B. R. V. S., & Tassitano, R. M. (2016). Prevalência do tempo de tela como indicador do comportamento sedentário em adolescentes brasileiros: uma revisão sistemática. Motricidade, 12(2), 155-164.
Silva, K. S., da Silva Lopes, A., Dumith, S. C., Garcia, L. M. T., Bezerra, J., & Nahas, M. V. (2014). Changes in television viewing and computers/videogames use among high school students in Southern Brazil between 2001 and 2011. International Journal of Public Health, 59(1), 77-86. doi: 10.1007/s00038-013-0464-3
Teychenne, M., & Hinkley, T. (2016). Associations between Screen-Based Sedentary Behaviour and Anxiety Symptoms in Mothers with Young Children. PLoS One, 11(5), e0155696. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155696
Thomas, G., Bennie, J. A., De Cocker, K., Castro, O., & Biddle, S. J. H. (2020). A Descriptive Epidemiology of Screen-Based Devices by Children and Adolescents: a Scoping Review of 130 Surveillance Studies Since 2000. Child Indicators Research, 13(3), 935-950. doi: 10.1007/s12187-019-09663-1
Thomée, S., Dellve, L., Härenstam, A., & Hagberg, M. (2010). Perceived connections between information and communication technology use and mental symptoms among young adults-a qualitative study. BMC Public Health, 10(1), 66. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-66
Tremblay, M. S., LeBlanc, A. G., Kho, M. E., Saunders, T. J., Larouche, R., Colley, R. C., … Gorber, S. C. (2011). Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 8(1), 98. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-8-98
Uhde, T. W., Cortese, B. M., & Vedeniapin, A. (2009). Anxiety and sleep problems: Emerging concepts and theoretical treatment implications. Current Psychiatry Reports, 11(4), 269-276. doi: 10.1007/s11920-009-0039-4
von Elm, E., Altman, D. G., Egger, M., Pocock, S. J., Gøtzsche, P. C., & Vandenbroucke, J. P. (2008). The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 61(4), 344-349. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008
Wahl, S., Engelhardt, M., Schaupp, P., Lappe, C., & Ivanov, I. V. (2019). The inner clock—Blue light sets the human rhythm. Journal of Biophotonics, 12(12), 1-14. doi: 10.1002/jbio.201900102
White, D., Leach, C., Sims, R., Atkinson, M., & Cottrell, D. (1999). Validation of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale for use with adolescents. British Journal of Psychiatry, 175(5), 452-454. doi: 10.1192/bjp.175.5.452
Woods, H. C., & Scott, H. (2016). #Sleepyteens : Social media use in adolescence is associated with poor sleep quality, anxiety, depression and low. Journal of Adolescence, 51, 41-49. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.05.008
Wu, X. Y., Han, L. H., Zhang, J. H., Luo, S., Hu, J. W., & Sun, K. (2017). The influence of physical activity, sedentary behavior on health-related quality of life among the general population of children and adolescents: A systematic review. PloS One, 12(11), e0187668. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187668
Yoshimura, M., Kitazawa, M., Maeda, Y., Mimura, M., Tsubota, K., & Kishimoto, T. (2017). Smartphone viewing distance and sleep: an experimental study utilizing motion capture technology. Nature and Science of Sleep, 9, 59-65. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S123319
Zink, J., Belcher, B. R., Kechter, A., Stone, M. D., & Leventhal, A. M. (2019). Reciprocal associations between screen time and emotional disorder symptoms during adolescence. Preventive Medicine Reports, 13, 281-288. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.01.014
