Retrospective Cross-sectional Statistical Analysis of Sociodemographic Characteristics and Diagnoses at the Temazcalli Institute for Prevention and Rehabilitation
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Abstract
Introduction. Despite the pressing need for robust data to guide mental health and addiction strategies in Mexico, few studies have systematically analyzed patient profiles and diagnostic patterns in specialized centers. This study addresses that gap by performing a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive analysis of the records of the Temazcalli Institute for Prevention and Rehabilitation.
Objective. To describe the sociodemographic variables and primary diagnoses of patients treated for addictions and mental health disorders at the Temazcalli Institute between January 2021 and May 2024.
Method. A retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted using 1,520 outpatient records and 432 first-time diagnoses, analyzed in R (v4.3). Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman correlations, and frequency analyses were applied to explore associations between age, sex, and number of diagnoses.
Results: The research sample was predominantly male (64.1%), with a median age of 18 years, with 79.3% aged 30 or less. The mean number of diagnoses per patient was 2.6 (SD = 1.4) and showed a positive correlation with age (ρ = .31; p < .001). The most common diagnoses included ADHD (23.8%), cannabis use disorder (16.2%), and stimulant use disorder (16.0%).
Discussion and conclusion. These findings provide essential evidence to inform the design of targeted preventive interventions at Temazcalli and similar centers. The results underscore the importance of early, youth-focused strategies and integrated clinical and policy approaches to address mental health and addiction issues.
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