Eficacia de probióticos, prebióticos y simbióticos para el tratamiento de la depresión: Una metarevisión
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Resumen
Objetivo. Explorar la literatura existente sobre la eficacia de probióticos, prebióticos y simbióticos para el tratamiento de la sintomatología depresiva y de la depresión.
Método. Se realizó una meta-revisión sistemática en diferentes bases de datos (Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cinahl, and PsycInfo). Se formuló una pregunta de investigación y estrategia de búsqueda en estas bases de datos, utilizando palabras clave y operadores booleanos. Se seleccionaron las revisiones sistemáticas que reportaron síntesis cuantitativa como metaanálisis de ensayos controlados aleatorizados (ECA) y se extrajeron los hallazgos obtenidos en los mismos.
Resultados. Se seleccionaron 13 revisiones sistemáticas con metaanálisis de ECA en las cuales se identificó evidencia de la eficacia de prebióticos, probióticos y simbióticos en el tratamiento de depresión, aunque con un efecto débil. Se reportaron algunas condiciones que pueden optimizar la eficacia antidepresiva de estos suplementos como: uso como terapia adjunta al tratamiento farmacológico, uso conjunto de probióticos y prebióticos (simbióticos) y uso de formulaciones multicepas.
Discusión y conclusión. Se concluyó que los prebióticos, probióticos y simbióticos muestran evidencia de su eficacia en el tratamiento de la depresión, identificando varias oportunidades de investigación en este campo.
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