Efectividad de una intervención en línea para prevenir el consumo de drogas psicoactivas basada en aumentar el conocimiento sobre sus efectos, fortalecer las habilidades para la vida y aumentar la percepción de riesgo, dirigida a estudiantes mexicanos de nivel secundaria
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Resumen
Introducción. La adolescencia es un periodo de vulnerabilidad y una etapa oportuna para la prevención de comportamientos de riesgo como el consumo de drogas. Es importante profundizar en factores de riesgo que pueden convertirse en factores de protección como el fortalecimiento de habilidades para la vida (HPV) y el aumento de la percepción de riesgo hacia el uso de drogas.
Objetivo. Evaluar la efectividad de una intervención preventiva en línea para aumentar el conocimiento sobre los efectos del consumo de drogas, fortalecer las habilidades para la vida y aumentar la percepción de riesgo del consumo en estudiantes mexicanos de secundaria.
Método. Estudio cuasiexperimental pretest - post test, con alumnos de secundaria, utilizando una versión en línea de la intervención.
Resultados. En la comparación de los puntajes de los grupos experimental y control en el post test, hubo diferencias significativas en el conocimiento de los efectos del consumo de tabaco, marihuana, alcohol y éxtasis y en los puntajes de las habilidades de planeación a futuro, asertividad, toma de decisiones y toma de responsabilidades. También hubo diferencias en la percepción de riesgo del consumo de marihuana, inhalables, alcohol y tabaco.
Discusión y conclusión. Los resultados muestran que esta intervención en línea ha probado su efectividad para modificar la percepción de riesgo hacia el consumo de drogas, aumentar el conocimiento sobre sus efectos y fortalecer HPV en estudiantes de nivel secundaria. Su diseño en línea reduce costos de implementación y aumenta la probabilidad de utilización como una herramienta psicosocial para prevenir el consumo de drogas.
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