A través del cristal lo perdí todo”: Consecuencias psicosociales y familiares del consumo de metanfetaminas
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Resumen
Objetivo. Explorar y describir las experiencias relacionadas con el consumo de cristal, desde las perspectivas de los usuarios, sus familias y los profesionales de la salud, con el fin de comprender los significados atribuidos a dichas experiencias y sus implicaciones psicosociales y familiares.
Método. Mediante un enfoque fenomenológico interpretativo, se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad con 21 personas usuarias, 15 familiares y 24 profesionales de la salud.
Resultados. Las consecuencias del consumo de cristal se manifiestan en tres áreas principales: 1) Alteración en las dinámicas sociales: aumento en la participación en actividades delictivas, estigmatización y aislamiento social; 2) Impacto familiar: conflictos intensos, ruptura de relaciones, impacto en los hijos, pareja y celotipia, violencia doméstica y dificultades económicas; 3) Efectos en la salud: deterioro físico significativo, síndrome de abstinencia, problemas de salud mental y conductas extremas. Estas consecuencias afectan la salud física y mental de las personas usuarias y agravan su aislamiento social.
Discusión y conclusión. Es importante realizar intervenciones que permitan disminuir las consecuencias sociales, familiares, además de las consecuencias físicas y mentales que afectan a las personas usuarias y que impactan también a su familia; generando intervenciones sin estigma que minimicen los riesgos de recaídas y promuevan la reintegración social.
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